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Juan de Flandes
(?), c. 1465-Palencia, 1519
Court painter to Queen Isabella, Juan de Flandes is documented in Spain from 1496. Nothing is known of his life prior to his arrival in Spain. Of Flemish origin, to judge from the name by which he is known, his work reflects the innovations in the art of the Bruges school in the last quarter of the fifteenth century, in particular the work of Hugo van der Goes and Justus of Ghent. His first documented work, now broken up, is the Altarpiece of St John the Baptist made for the Charterhouse of Miraflores in Burgos, for which payments are known to have been made to the artist in 1496 and 1499. For Queen Isabella he painted a Polyptych, a portable work intended for private devotion, which is listed in the 1505 inventory of her possessions as having forty-seven panels depicting the life of Christ and the Virgin. Of these, twenty-seven now survive: fifteen in the Royal Palace in Madrid and the rest dispersed among different collections. In 1504, after the Queen's death, Juan de Flandes was to be found in Salamanca. There he painted the altarpiece for the University Chapel between 1505 and 1507, and the altarpiece of Saint Michael for the cloister of the Old Cathedral. In 1509 he was in Palencia where he enlarged the high altarpiece of the Cathedral, a project which he worked on from 1510 to 1518. In addition to these altarpieces he also painted portraits, including the debated Queen Isabella, now in the Palacio del Pardo, as well as Juana de Castilla and Felipe el Hermoso [Philip the Fair] in the Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, and the painting now in the Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza.
BERMEJO, E.: Juan de Flandes. Madrid, 1962.
EISLER, C.: The Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection. Early Netherlandish Painting. London, 1989.
VANDEVIVERE, I.: Juan de Flandes. Exhibition catalogue Museo del Prado, Madrid, 1986.
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